History of Parenting
Raising the children has been exclusively in women's domain in all cultures all over the world since ever. Generally speaking, roles in parenting have not changed a lot through history and remained the same in many parts of the world until the present-day. Even more, raising the children is often considered "woman's responsibility" even in Western developed countries where women are legally equal to men, go to work and sometimes earn even more money than their male partners. The common saying that mom parent and dads babysit says a lot.
Regardless if living in ancient Greece, Roman Empire, medieval France or 19th century England, women's "job" was to take care for household and raising the children no matter if originating from the social elite or the bottom of social hierarchy. Men's "job" was to bring funds into household although that does not mean that women were just hanging around at home waiting their husbands to return. Women from lower classes of society were often forced to work as well but they were paid less than men for the same job. Despite that parenting remained mostly women's responsibility.
The roles in parenting started to change with emancipation in the 20th century
although it cannot be claimed that mothers and fathers are equal what concerns
spending time with children. There are great differences between different parts of
the world but there are also great differences from household to household. The main
reasons why men in average spend less time with their children than women probably
still lays in their need to take care for family's finances what often means working
all day and in common perception that raising children is "women's job".